SNLE Nutrition and Diet Therapy

Question 1

Which macronutrient provides 4 kilocalories per gram?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal/g; fats provide 9 kcal/g and alcohol provides 7 kcal/g.

Question 2

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia should consume iron-rich foods alongside which substance to maximize absorption?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) enhances non-heme iron absorption by converting iron to its more absorbable ferrous form.

Question 3

Which vitamin is primarily synthesized in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted upon UV-B exposure; deficiency is common in covered populations.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic renal failure. Which dietary modification is most critical?

Accepted Answer

Restrict potassium and phosphorus

Answer

Renal failure impairs excretion of potassium and phosphorus, requiring dietary restriction to prevent life-threatening hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia.

Question 5

Which nutritional deficiency disease is caused by inadequate intake of thiamine (Vitamin B1)?

Accepted Answer

Beriberi

Answer

Beriberi results from thiamine deficiency; pellagra is caused by niacin deficiency, scurvy by Vitamin C deficiency, and rickets by Vitamin D deficiency.

SNLE Practice Test

SNLE Practice Test

SNLE Nutrition and Diet Therapy