SMQT Fundamentals of Surveying 4

Question 1

What is 'refraction' and how does it typically affect vertical angle observations?

Accepted Answer

It bends light rays downward through the atmosphere, making objects appear slightly higher than they are

Answer

Atmospheric refraction bends light rays downward, so distant objects appear higher than their true positions, introducing a small positive error in vertical angle readings.

Question 2

When converting a magnetic bearing to a true bearing, which factor must be applied?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic declination

Answer

Magnetic declination is the angular difference between magnetic north (where a compass points) and true geographic north, and must be added or subtracted to convert between the two.

Question 3

What is a 'turning point' (TP) in differential leveling?

Accepted Answer

A temporary point where both a foresight and a backsight are taken to advance the level circuit

Answer

A turning point receives a foresight to determine its elevation, then a backsight is taken on it from the next instrument setup to carry the elevation forward.

Question 4

The term 'horizontal distance' in surveying refers to:

Accepted Answer

The distance projected onto a horizontal plane, independent of elevation change

Answer

Horizontal distance is the distance between two points as projected onto a horizontal plane, used for area calculations and plats regardless of terrain slope.

Question 5

Which coordinate system divides the US into zones where each state (or region) has its own projection to minimize distortion?

Accepted Answer

State Plane Coordinate System (SPCS)

Answer

The State Plane Coordinate System divides the US into zones, each using either a Lambert Conformal Conic or Transverse Mercator projection to keep distortion below 1 part in 10,000.

SMQT - Surveyor Minimum Qualifications Test Practice Test

SMQT - Surveyor Minimum Qualifications Test Practice Test

SMQT Fundamentals of Surveying 4