Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Registered Dietetic Technician Basic 3

Question 1

Which type of dietary fiber is most effective at lowering LDL cholesterol by binding bile acids in the gut?

Accepted Answer

Soluble fiber (beta-glucan, pectin)

Answer

Soluble fibers like beta-glucan and pectin form a gel that binds bile acids, increasing their fecal excretion and lowering LDL cholesterol.

Question 2

A DTR is planning a menu for a patient with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is not on dialysis. Which nutrient requires the most careful restriction?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus and potassium

Answer

In CKD stages 3-4, phosphorus and potassium accumulate due to reduced renal excretion, requiring dietary restriction to prevent hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia.

Question 3

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates in adults?

Accepted Answer

45-65% of total energy

Answer

The AMDR for carbohydrates in adults is 45-65% of total energy intake, as established by the Dietary Reference Intakes.

Question 4

Which condition is characterized by a deficiency of iron, folate, or vitamin B12 and produces abnormally large red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Megaloblastic anemia

Answer

Megaloblastic anemia results from impaired DNA synthesis due to folate or B12 deficiency, producing large, immature red blood cells (megaloblasts).

Question 5

A DTR counseling a vegetarian client who avoids all animal products should emphasize combining which two plant foods to ensure complete protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Legumes and grains

Answer

Legumes are rich in lysine but low in methionine, while grains are the opposite; combining them provides all essential amino acids.

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Practice Test

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Practice Test

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Registered Dietetic Technician Basic 3