Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Medical Nutrition Therapy

Question 1

What is the primary dietary modification recommended for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3-4?

Accepted Answer

Restrict potassium and phosphorus intake

Answer

In CKD stages 3-4, restricting potassium and phosphorus helps prevent dangerous electrolyte imbalances and slows disease progression.

Question 2

Which dietary pattern is most commonly recommended as first-line medical nutrition therapy for type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Calorie-controlled diet emphasizing low glycemic index foods

Answer

A calorie-controlled diet focused on low glycemic index foods helps manage blood glucose and supports weight loss in type 2 diabetes.

Question 3

A patient with celiac disease must strictly avoid which dietary protein?

Accepted Answer

Gluten

Answer

Gluten, found in wheat, barley, and rye, triggers an autoimmune reaction that damages the small intestinal villi in celiac disease.

Question 4

What is the recommended daily sodium intake for patients with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Less than 2,000 mg/day

Answer

Sodium restriction to less than 2,000 mg/day reduces fluid retention and decreases cardiac workload in heart failure patients.

Question 5

Which nutrient supplementation is most critical after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery?

Accepted Answer

Iron, B12, calcium, and vitamin D

Answer

Gastric bypass causes malabsorption that significantly increases deficiency risk for iron, B12, calcium, and vitamin D.

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Practice Test