ASVAB General Science Practice Test 1 3

Question 1

What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Physical changes alter matter's form without changing its chemical composition; chemical changes produce new substances

Answer

A physical change alters the form, shape, or state of matter without changing its chemical identity (e.g., melting ice). A chemical change transforms matter into new substances with different chemical compositions (e.g., burning wood).

Question 2

What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration

Answer

Mitochondria are the cell's powerhouses — they generate ATP (the cell's primary energy currency) through cellular respiration, converting glucose and oxygen into usable energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes Newton's Third Law of Motion?

Accepted Answer

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Answer

Newton's Third Law states that for every action force, there is an equal magnitude but opposite direction reaction force. Forces always occur in pairs between two interacting objects.

Question 4

What is the pH scale, and what pH value indicates a neutral solution?

Accepted Answer

pH measures acidity/basicity on a scale of 0-14; pH 7 is neutral

Answer

The pH scale measures the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution on a scale from 0 to 14. pH 7 is neutral (pure water), pH below 7 is acidic, and pH above 7 is basic (alkaline).

Question 5

What is the primary role of the ozone layer in Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Absorb most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Answer

The ozone layer (O3) in the stratosphere absorbs most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation, particularly UV-B and UV-C wavelengths, protecting life on Earth from radiation damage.

ASVAB - Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery Practice Test

ASVAB - Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery Practice Test

ASVAB General Science Practice Test 1 3