OSCE Treatment Protocols & Interventions 4

Question 1

A patient in acute alcohol withdrawal develops generalized tonic-clonic seizures. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment?

Accepted Answer

Lorazepam 2mg IV

Answer

Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam are the first-line treatment for alcohol withdrawal seizures by enhancing GABA inhibition.

Question 2

When performing CPR, what is the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer treating an adult in cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

30:2

Answer

Current AHA guidelines recommend a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult single-rescuer CPR to minimize interruptions.

Question 3

A patient with severe sepsis has received 30 mL/kg of IV crystalloid. BP remains at 80/50 mmHg. What is the next intervention?

Accepted Answer

Start norepinephrine as a vasopressor

Answer

After adequate fluid resuscitation, norepinephrine is the first-line vasopressor for septic shock to restore mean arterial pressure.

Question 4

You are managing a patient with a suspected opioid overdose. Naloxone is administered but the patient re-sedates after 30 minutes. What should you do?

Accepted Answer

Start a naloxone infusion at 2/3 of the effective bolus dose per hour

Answer

Long-acting opioids can outlast naloxone bolus duration; a continuous infusion at 2/3 of the effective bolus dose per hour maintains reversal.

Question 5

During an arterial blood gas collection from the radial artery, the patient complains of severe pain and the site turns white. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Arterial spasm — withdraw the needle and apply pressure

Answer

Blanching and severe pain during radial artery puncture indicate arterial spasm; withdraw the needle and apply firm pressure.

OSCE Practice Test

OSCE Practice Test

OSCE Treatment Protocols & Interventions 4