OSCE Pediatric Assessment 3

Question 1

A 10-month-old is brought in with sudden-onset colicky abdominal pain, intermittent drawing up of legs, and one episode of 'redcurrant jelly' stool. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Intussusception

Answer

Intussusception classically presents in infants with intermittent colicky pain, drawing up of legs, and redcurrant jelly stools from mucosal ischemia.

Question 2

When calculating a fluid bolus for a pediatric patient in shock, what is the correct initial volume?

Accepted Answer

20 mL/kg of 0.9% NaCl

Answer

The standard initial fluid bolus for a child in shock is 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid (0.9% NaCl or Ringer's lactate).

Question 3

During a newborn examination, you note the infant's left hand has a simian crease, upslanting palpebral fissures, and sandal gap between the first and second toes. What syndrome should you suspect?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome (Trisomy 21)

Answer

Simian crease, upslanting palpebral fissures, and sandal gap are classic features of Down syndrome (Trisomy 21).

Question 4

A 7-year-old presents with a widespread purpuric rash on the lower limbs and buttocks, joint pain, and abdominal pain. His platelets are normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Answer

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (IgA vasculitis) presents with palpable purpura on lower limbs/buttocks, arthralgia, and abdominal pain with normal platelet count.

Question 5

In assessing a child's Glasgow Coma Scale, which best describes a score of 8 or below?

Accepted Answer

Severe impairment warranting airway protection

Answer

A GCS of 8 or below indicates severe neurological impairment and is the threshold requiring consideration of definitive airway management.

OSCE Practice Test

OSCE Practice Test

OSCE Pediatric Assessment 3