OSCE Pediatric Assessment 2

Question 1

A 6-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting after every feeding. On examination, you palpate an olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Pyloric stenosis classically presents at 3–6 weeks with projectile non-bilious vomiting and a palpable 'olive' in the right upper quadrant.

Question 2

When assessing a 2-year-old child's developmental milestones during an OSCE station, which of the following is a red flag?

Accepted Answer

No two-word phrases by 24 months

Answer

Absence of two-word phrases by 24 months is a developmental red flag requiring further evaluation.

Question 3

A 4-year-old is brought in with a 2-day history of high fever, drooling, and refusal to swallow. He sits leaning forward with neck extended. What is the priority action?

Accepted Answer

Secure the airway and call senior support

Answer

The tripod position with drooling and high fever suggests epiglottitis; securing the airway takes priority over examination or imaging.

Question 4

In a pediatric respiratory examination, which finding best indicates severe respiratory distress in a toddler?

Accepted Answer

Subcostal and intercostal recessions

Answer

Subcostal and intercostal recessions reflect significant increased work of breathing and indicate severe respiratory distress.

Question 5

You are assessing hydration status in a 9-month-old with diarrhea. Which clinical sign best indicates 10% dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Sunken fontanelle and absent tears

Answer

Sunken fontanelle and absent tears indicate severe (≥10%) dehydration in infants.

OSCE Practice Test

OSCE Practice Test

OSCE Pediatric Assessment 2