NBRC Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 3

Question 1

Apnea of prematurity is defined as cessation of breathing for more than:

Accepted Answer

10 seconds or 20 seconds with associated bradycardia or desaturation

Answer

Apnea of prematurity is defined as breathing cessation ≥20 seconds, or a shorter pause accompanied by bradycardia (<100 bpm) or oxygen desaturation.

Question 2

Which congenital lung malformation involves sequestration of nonfunctional lung tissue with its own systemic arterial supply?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary sequestration

Answer

Pulmonary sequestration is nonfunctional lung tissue supplied by an anomalous systemic artery with no communication to the tracheobronchial tree.

Question 3

Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in neonates is used to treat:

Accepted Answer

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)

Answer

iNO selectively dilates pulmonary vasculature, reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and right-to-left shunting in PPHN.

Question 4

Pediatric tidal volumes for mechanical ventilation are typically set at:

Accepted Answer

5–7 mL/kg IBW

Answer

Lung-protective pediatric ventilation targets tidal volumes of 5–7 mL/kg IBW, similar to adult ARDSNet principles but accounting for smaller lung units.

Question 5

The Silverman-Andersen scoring system in neonates evaluates:

Accepted Answer

Degree of respiratory distress based on clinical signs (retractions, grunting, etc.)

Answer

The Silverman-Andersen score assesses five clinical signs of respiratory distress (upper chest lag, lower chest retraction, xiphoid retractions, nasal flaring, expiratory grunt) to grade severity.

NBRC - National Board for Respiratory Care Practice Test

NBRC - National Board for Respiratory Care Practice Test

NBRC Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 3