GMAT Quantitative: Arithmetic and Percentages 2

Question 1

A trader bought goods for $500 and sold them for $625. What is the profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

Profit percentage = (625 − 500) / 500 × 100 = 25%.

Question 2

If 60% of x equals 30% of y, what is the ratio x : y?

Accepted Answer

1 : 2

Answer

0.60x = 0.30y simplifies to x/y = 0.30/0.60 = 1/2, so x : y = 1 : 2.

Question 3

A price decreases by 15% and then increases by 15%. What is the net percentage change?

Accepted Answer

−2.25%

Answer

Net multiplier = 0.85 × 1.15 = 0.9775, representing a 2.25% decrease.

Question 4

What is 15% of 2/3 of 180?

Accepted Answer

18

Answer

2/3 of 180 = 120, and 15% of 120 = 0.15 × 120 = 18.

Question 5

In a class, 40% are boys and 60% are girls. If 50% of boys and 25% of girls play sports, what percentage of the class plays sports?

Accepted Answer

35%

Answer

40% × 50% + 60% × 25% = 20% + 15% = 35% of the class play sports.

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