GMAT Quantitative: Arithmetic and Percentages 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A trader bought goods for $500 and sold them for $625. What is the profit percentage?
- 20%
- 25% (Correct answer)
- 30%
- 35%
Correct answer: 25%
Profit percentage = (625 − 500) / 500 × 100 = 25%.
Question 2: If 60% of x equals 30% of y, what is the ratio x : y?
- 1 : 2 (Correct answer)
- 2 : 1
- 1 : 3
- 3 : 1
Correct answer: 1 : 2
0.60x = 0.30y simplifies to x/y = 0.30/0.60 = 1/2, so x : y = 1 : 2.
Question 3: A price decreases by 15% and then increases by 15%. What is the net percentage change?
- 0%
- −2.25% (Correct answer)
- −2.5%
- +2.25%
Correct answer: −2.25%
Net multiplier = 0.85 × 1.15 = 0.9775, representing a 2.25% decrease.
Question 4: What is 15% of 2/3 of 180?
- 18 (Correct answer)
- 20
- 24
- 27
Correct answer: 18
2/3 of 180 = 120, and 15% of 120 = 0.15 × 120 = 18.
Question 5: In a class, 40% are boys and 60% are girls. If 50% of boys and 25% of girls play sports, what percentage of the class plays sports?
- 30%
- 32%
- 35% (Correct answer)
- 37.5%
Correct answer: 35%
40% × 50% + 60% × 25% = 20% + 15% = 35% of the class play sports.
Question 6: A salesperson earns a base salary of $2,000 plus 5% commission on sales. If she earned $3,500 in a month, what were her total sales?
- $20,000
- $25,000
- $30,000 (Correct answer)
- $35,000
Correct answer: $30,000
Commission = $3,500 − $2,000 = $1,500; total sales = $1,500 ÷ 0.05 = $30,000.
Question 7: A tank is 3/4 full after 18 minutes of filling. How many total minutes will it take to fill the entire tank at the same rate?
- 20
- 22
- 24 (Correct answer)
- 27
Correct answer: 24
If 3/4 of the tank takes 18 minutes, the full tank takes 18 × (4/3) = 24 minutes.
GMAT Quantitative: Arithmetic and Percentages 2
A trader bought goods for $500 and sold them for $625.
What is the profit percentage?