GMAS Science and Social Studies 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies?
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- Igneous (Correct answer)
- Limestone
Correct answer: Igneous
Igneous rock forms when magma (underground) or lava (above ground) cools and solidifies.
Question 2: What is the primary function of the legislative branch of the U.S. government?
- Enforce laws
- Interpret laws
- Make laws (Correct answer)
- Oversee the military
Correct answer: Make laws
The legislative branch (Congress) is responsible for creating and passing laws.
Question 3: Which process do plants use to convert sunlight into food?
- Respiration
- Fermentation
- Photosynthesis (Correct answer)
- Transpiration
Correct answer: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen.
Question 4: The Georgia colony was founded in 1733 primarily as a place for which group of people?
- Religious dissenters from England
- Freed enslaved people
- Debtors from English prisons (Correct answer)
- Wealthy merchants seeking trade routes
Correct answer: Debtors from English prisons
James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors and the poor from English prisons.
Question 5: What does biodiversity refer to?
- The number of plants in a forest
- The variety of life forms in an ecosystem (Correct answer)
- The amount of rainfall in a region
- The number of endangered species in an area
Correct answer: The variety of life forms in an ecosystem
Biodiversity refers to the variety of all living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, in an ecosystem.
Question 6: Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery?
- 13th Amendment (Correct answer)
- 14th Amendment
- 15th Amendment
- 19th Amendment
Correct answer: 13th Amendment
The 13th Amendment, ratified in 1865, abolished slavery throughout the United States.
Question 7: What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
- They produce energy from sunlight
- They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients (Correct answer)
- They convert nitrogen gas into usable forms
- They transfer energy from plants to animals
Correct answer: They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients
Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the soil.
GMAS Science and Social Studies 2
Which type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies?