Science and Social Studies Flashcards

Which type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies?

Answer: Igneous

Igneous rock forms when magma (underground) or lava (above ground) cools and solidifies.

What is the primary function of the legislative branch of the U.S. government?

Answer: Make laws

The legislative branch (Congress) is responsible for creating and passing laws.

Which process do plants use to convert sunlight into food?

Answer: Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen.

The Georgia colony was founded in 1733 primarily as a place for which group of people?

Answer: Debtors from English prisons

James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors and the poor from English prisons.

What does biodiversity refer to?

Answer: The variety of life forms in an ecosystem

Biodiversity refers to the variety of all living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, in an ecosystem.

Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery?

Answer: 13th Amendment

The 13th Amendment, ratified in 1865, abolished slavery throughout the United States.

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Answer: They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients

Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the soil.