GIS For Engineering (Knowledge) 2

Question 1

In GIS engineering, what is a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) primarily used for?

Accepted Answer

Representing terrain surface elevations

Answer

A DEM stores elevation values for terrain surfaces and is used in engineering for slope analysis, drainage modeling, and site planning.

Question 2

Which coordinate reference system is most commonly used for large-scale engineering surveys in the United States?

Accepted Answer

NAD83 / State Plane

Answer

NAD83 State Plane Coordinate System is widely used in US engineering surveys because it minimizes distortion within individual states.

Question 3

What is the purpose of a topology check in an engineering GIS dataset?

Accepted Answer

To ensure spatial relationships between features are logically consistent

Answer

Topology checks validate spatial relationships such as no gaps, no overlaps, and connectivity between features like road networks or utility lines.

Question 4

In GIS-based watershed delineation for civil engineering, which data input is most critical?

Accepted Answer

Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

Answer

Watershed delineation relies on elevation data to determine flow direction and accumulation, making a high-quality DEM the essential input.

Question 5

What does 'spatial resolution' refer to in the context of raster GIS data used in engineering?

Accepted Answer

The smallest distinguishable area represented by one pixel

Answer

Spatial resolution defines the ground area covered by each pixel; finer resolution means more detail but larger file sizes.

GIS - Geographic Information System Practice Test