OCC Pharmacology of Chemotherapeutic Agents

Question 1

Which class of chemotherapeutic agents is known to cause cardiotoxicity as a major side effect?

Accepted Answer

Anthracyclines

Answer

Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, are known for their effectiveness but also for their potential to cause dose-dependent cardiotoxicity.

Question 2

Which chemotherapeutic drug is associated with hemorrhagic cystitis?

Accepted Answer

Cyclophosphamide

Answer

Cyclophosphamide can cause hemorrhagic cystitis due to the toxic metabolite acrolein. Adequate hydration and mesna are used for prevention.

Question 3

What is the primary mechanism of action of antimetabolites in chemotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Mimic nucleotides to inhibit DNA synthesis

Answer

Antimetabolites interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis by mimicking normal substrates, ultimately inhibiting cell replication.

Question 4

Why is mesna co-administered with ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide?

Accepted Answer

To protect the bladder from toxicity

Answer

Mesna binds to and inactivates acrolein, a toxic byproduct that causes hemorrhagic cystitis, protecting the bladder lining.

Question 5

Which chemotherapeutic agent is commonly linked with nephrotoxicity requiring pre- and post-hydration protocols?

Accepted Answer

Cisplatin

Answer

Cisplatin is nephrotoxic and necessitates aggressive IV hydration to prevent renal damage.

(OCC) Oncology Chemotherapy Certification Practice Test