Free NMC-CBT Medicines Management and Pharmacology Questions and Answers 1

Question 1

Which of the following is a legal requirement for the administration of a Schedule 2 Controlled Drug on a hospital ward?

Accepted Answer

It must be checked and administered by two registered nurses.

Answer

Schedule 2 Controlled Drugs, such as morphine, have strict legal requirements for administration. They must be checked by two registered nurses to verify the patient, drug, dose, route, and time, and the administration must be recorded in a controlled drug register. This process minimises the risk of drug errors and misuse.

Question 2

A patient is being treated for anaphylaxis. What is the first-line medication that should be administered immediately?

Accepted Answer

Intramuscular adrenaline

Answer

Intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine) is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it acts rapidly to reverse bronchoconstriction and vasodilation, which are life-threatening features of the condition. Other drugs like antihistamines and corticosteroids are second-line treatments and do not act quickly enough to be used first.

Question 3

A patient taking warfarin should be advised to report which of the following symptoms to their doctor immediately?

Accepted Answer

Unexplained bruising or bleeding

Answer

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that increases the risk of bleeding. Unexplained bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, nosebleeds, or blood in the urine or stool are signs of an excessively high INR and potential haemorrhage. Patients must be educated to report these signs immediately for prompt medical review.

Question 4

What is the most critical side effect to monitor for in a patient receiving intravenous morphine?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory depression

Answer

Opioids like morphine are potent central nervous system depressants. The most life-threatening adverse effect is respiratory depression, characterised by a slow, shallow breathing rate. Nurses must closely monitor the patient's respiratory rate, depth, and oxygen saturation.

Question 5

A patient taking a statin, such as atorvastatin, should be advised to avoid which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Grapefruit juice

Answer

Grapefruit and its juice contain compounds that inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme in the liver, which is responsible for metabolising many statins. Consuming grapefruit can lead to increased drug levels in the blood, raising the risk of serious side effects like myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Therefore, patients on certain statins should avoid it completely.

(NMC CBT) Nursing and Midwifery Council Computer-Based Test Practice Test

(NMC CBT) Nursing and Midwifery Council Computer-Based Test Practice Test

Free NMC-CBT Medicines Management and Pharmacology Questions and Answers 1