FRCR FRCR Pediatric Radiology 1

Question 1

What is the most common abdominal malignancy in children under 5 years of age?

Accepted Answer

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Answer

Wilms tumor is the most common renal malignancy in children and the most common pediatric abdominal cancer, typically presenting as a large flank mass.

Question 2

In neonatal chest radiography, which finding is characteristic of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse granular opacity with air bronchograms and low lung volumes

Answer

RDS (hyaline membrane disease) from surfactant deficiency causes diffuse fine granular (ground-glass) opacities with air bronchograms and reduced lung volumes in premature neonates.

Question 3

The 'double bubble' sign on abdominal radiograph in a neonate indicates:

Accepted Answer

Duodenal atresia or stenosis

Answer

The double bubble represents gas in the stomach and proximal duodenum only, indicating complete obstruction at the level of the duodenum.

Question 4

Which pediatric bone tumor characteristically shows a 'sunburst' periosteal reaction on radiograph?

Accepted Answer

Osteosarcoma

Answer

Osteosarcoma produces aggressive bone formation seen as a sunburst periosteal reaction radiating from the cortex, typically arising in the metaphysis of long bones.

Question 5

Intussusception in children most commonly involves which bowel segment?

Accepted Answer

Ileocolic junction

Answer

Ileocolic intussusception (ileum telescoping into colon) accounts for ~90% of pediatric intussusceptions and is typically idiopathic in children aged 3 months to 3 years.

FRCR - Fellow of the Royal College of Radiologists Practice Test

FRCR - Fellow of the Royal College of Radiologists Practice Test

FRCR FRCR Pediatric Radiology 1