FPGEE Pharmacology 4

Question 1

A drug with a narrow therapeutic index requires careful monitoring. Which of the following is the best example of a narrow therapeutic index drug?

Accepted Answer

Digoxin

Answer

Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range (0.5–2 ng/mL); toxicity manifests with cardiac arrhythmias and visual disturbances at slightly suprathe rapeutic levels.

Question 2

Which drug class is the mechanism of clopidogrel's antiplatelet effect?

Accepted Answer

Irreversible P2Y12 ADP receptor antagonist

Answer

Clopidogrel is a prodrug converted to an active metabolite that irreversibly binds and blocks the P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets.

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides?

Accepted Answer

Bind the 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA

Answer

Aminoglycosides bind the 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit, causing codon misreading and premature termination of protein synthesis.

Question 4

Which phase II metabolic reaction involves conjugation with glucuronic acid?

Accepted Answer

Glucuronidation

Answer

Glucuronidation, catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), conjugates glucuronic acid to drugs to increase water solubility for excretion.

Question 5

A patient on lithium is started on a thiazide diuretic. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

Lithium toxicity due to increased renal reabsorption

Answer

Thiazides cause sodium depletion, prompting the kidney to reabsorb more sodium and lithium together in the proximal tubule, increasing lithium levels.

FPGEE Exam Practice Test

FPGEE Exam Practice Test

FPGEE Pharmacology 4