FPGEE FPGEE Microbiology and Immunology

Question 1

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is responsible for anaphylaxis?

Accepted Answer

Type I (IgE-mediated)

Answer

Type II (cytotoxic)

Answer

Type III (immune complex)

Answer

Type IV (delayed)

Question 2

Which organism is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the US?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer

Legionella pneumophila

Question 3

Which antibiotic class inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)?

Accepted Answer

Beta-lactams

Answer

Fluoroquinolones

Answer

Macrolides

Answer

Aminoglycosides

Question 4

The Gram stain distinguishes bacteria primarily based on differences in their:

Accepted Answer

Cell wall composition

Answer

Ribosome size

Answer

Plasma membrane lipids

Answer

Capsule thickness

Question 5

Which vaccine uses live attenuated organisms and is therefore contraindicated in immunocompromised patients?

Accepted Answer

MMR vaccine

Answer

Hepatitis B vaccine

Answer

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)

Answer

Inactivated influenza vaccine

Question 6

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) acquires resistance to beta-lactams primarily through:

Accepted Answer

Altered penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a)

Answer

Production of beta-lactamase

Answer

Efflux pump upregulation

Answer

Reduced outer membrane permeability