FPGEE Clinical Pharmacy 3

Question 1

A patient receiving heparin for DVT develops a 50% drop in platelet count on day 8. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Answer

A platelet drop of ≥50% occurring 5–14 days after heparin initiation is the hallmark presentation of HIT.

Question 2

Which class of medications is first-line for reducing cardiovascular mortality in patients with reduced ejection fraction heart failure?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Answer

ACE inhibitors (and ARBs as alternatives) are first-line for HFrEF due to proven reductions in mortality and hospitalization.

Question 3

A pharmacist reviews a prescription for sildenafil in a patient using isosorbide mononitrate. What should the pharmacist do?

Accepted Answer

Refuse to dispense due to a life-threatening interaction

Answer

Concurrent use of PDE-5 inhibitors with any nitrate is absolutely contraindicated due to severe, potentially fatal hypotension.

Question 4

A patient with type 2 diabetes and established ASCVD is inadequately controlled on metformin. Which add-on agent provides both glycemic control and cardiovascular mortality reduction?

Accepted Answer

Empagliflozin

Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors like empagliflozin have demonstrated significant reductions in cardiovascular death in patients with established ASCVD.

Question 5

What is the mechanism by which aminoglycosides cause nephrotoxicity?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation in proximal tubular cells causing necrosis

Answer

Aminoglycosides are taken up by proximal tubular cells where they accumulate and cause tubular necrosis.

FPGEE Exam Practice Test

FPGEE Exam Practice Test

FPGEE Clinical Pharmacy 3