EPPP Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior 5

Question 1

Which brain structure is most centrally involved in the formation of emotional memories, particularly fear?

Accepted Answer

Amygdala

Answer

The amygdala is critical for fear conditioning and the storage of emotionally charged memories.

Question 2

Self-efficacy, as defined by Bandura, refers to:

Accepted Answer

One's belief in one's ability to execute behaviors needed to produce outcomes

Answer

Self-efficacy is a person's confidence in their capacity to perform specific behaviors to achieve desired outcomes.

Question 3

The concept of 'depressive realism' suggests that mildly depressed individuals:

Accepted Answer

Are sometimes more accurate in judging personal control than non-depressed individuals

Answer

Depressive realism refers to findings suggesting that mildly depressed people can judge contingency and control more accurately than non-depressed people who show positive illusions.

Question 4

Mowrer's two-factor theory of anxiety disorders proposes that fears are acquired through _____ and maintained through _____.

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning; operant (negative reinforcement) conditioning

Answer

Mowrer proposed that fears are initially learned via classical conditioning and then maintained because avoidance is negatively reinforced by relief.

Question 5

Which attentional phenomenon explains why people tend to notice and remember emotionally threatening stimuli more than neutral ones?

Accepted Answer

Attentional bias toward threat

Answer

Attentional bias toward threat is the tendency to preferentially allocate attention to potentially dangerous or emotionally negative stimuli.

EPPP - Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology Practice Test

EPPP - Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology Practice Test

EPPP Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior 5