Free EPPP Question and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Isaac, a six-month-old infant, has just started responding when his grandma and mother grin. He adjusts his own responses to their motion. Which phenomenon is exemplified by his responses?
- moral development
- secure attachment
- peer relations
- social referencing (Correct answer)
Correct answer: social referencing
Social referencing is the process where infants look to their caregivers' emotional expressions to guide their own behavior in uncertain situations. In this scenario, Isaac is observing his grandma's and mother's grins and adjusting his responses accordingly, using their emotional cues to understand how to react. This demonstrates his reliance on their emotional signals to interpret and navigate his environment.
Question 2: Which of the following neurotransmitter-related hypotheses proposes that a certain neurotransmitter's levels may be correlated with a particular form of depression?
- the acetylcholine hypothesis
- the catecholamine hypothesis (Correct answer)
- the dopamine hypothesis
- the glutamate hypothesis
Correct answer: the catecholamine hypothesis
The catecholamine hypothesis of depression suggests that depression is caused by a deficiency in the neurotransmitters norepinephrine (a catecholamine) and serotonin in the brain. This theory posits that lower levels of these specific neurotransmitters are correlated with the symptoms of depression. While other neurotransmitters are also implicated, the catecholamine hypothesis specifically focuses on this class.
Question 3: According to Kohler, a certain kind of learning may occur that assisted an organism in formulating a more effective strategy for achieving its goals: This kind of education is known as
- perceptual learning
- insight learning (Correct answer)
- learning by modeling
- observational learning
Correct answer: insight learning
Insight learning, as described by Wolfgang Köhler, is a form of learning where the solution to a problem appears suddenly and completely, often after a period of contemplation. It involves a sudden realization or 'aha!' moment, where the organism reorganizes its perception of the problem to find a more effective strategy. This type of learning is distinct from trial-and-error or observational learning.
Question 4: What types of tests make up the Differential Aptitude Tests?
- two tests of cognitive functioning and five tests of job-related capacities
- four tests of job-related capacities and four tests of cognitive functioning
- three tests of job-related capacities and five tests of general intellectual capacities
- five tests of job-related capacities and three tests of general intellectual capacities (Correct answer)
Correct answer: five tests of job-related capacities and three tests of general intellectual capacities
The Differential Aptitude Tests (DAT) are a battery of tests designed to measure an individual's aptitude in various areas relevant to educational and vocational guidance. They typically consist of eight separate tests, which are categorized into five tests assessing specific job-related capacities (e.g., mechanical reasoning, space relations) and three tests measuring more general intellectual capacities (e.g., verbal reasoning, numerical ability). This combination provides a comprehensive profile of an individual's strengths.
Question 5: Which of the following patterns does research show the sexes' propensities to seek out companionship to follow?
- both women and men tend to seek out companionship to an equal degree
- men tend to seek out companionship more than women
- gender is not a deciding factor in an individual's tendency to seek out companionship
- women tend to seek out companionship more than men (Correct answer)
Correct answer: women tend to seek out companionship more than men
Research in social psychology often indicates that, on average, women tend to seek out and prioritize companionship and social support more than men. This difference is often attributed to various factors, including socialization patterns, communication styles, and the perceived benefits of social connection for emotional well-being. While individual differences exist, this general trend is frequently observed.
Question 6: What is one of the most crucial explanations for why a psychologist supervising a group therapy session needs to establish everyone's duties at the beginning of the therapeutic sessions?
- to avoid fistfights
- to establish the boundaries of confidentiality (Correct answer)
- to ensure that members will talk to one another
- to head off potential conflicts between aggressive members
Correct answer: to establish the boundaries of confidentiality
Establishing the boundaries of confidentiality at the beginning of group therapy is crucial because it sets clear expectations for how shared information will be handled within the group. This ensures that members understand what can and cannot be kept private, fostering a sense of trust and safety necessary for open communication. Without clear boundaries, members may be hesitant to share personal details, undermining the therapeutic process.
Question 7: What percentage of depressed patients who kill themselves had also attempted suicide?
- 20%
- 25%
- 40% (Correct answer)
- 55%
Correct answer: 40%
Statistical research on suicide indicates that a significant percentage of individuals who die by suicide have a history of previous suicide attempts. Specifically, studies suggest that approximately 40% of depressed patients who ultimately die by suicide had made prior attempts. This highlights previous attempts as a critical risk factor for future suicide and underscores the importance of intervention.
Free EPPP Question and Answers
Isaac, a six-month-old infant, has just started responding when his grandma and mother grin.
He adjusts his own responses to their motion.
Which phenomenon is exemplified by his responses?