ENT Rhinology and Sinonasal Disorders 3

Question 1

What is the recommended timing for surgical repair of a nasal bone fracture to avoid soft-tissue edema obscuring the reduction?

Accepted Answer

Within 3–5 days before significant edema develops, or after 10–14 days when edema resolves

Answer

Nasal fracture repair is ideally performed within 3–5 days before maximal edema develops, or deferred 10–14 days after edema subsides to allow accurate assessment.

Question 2

Anosmia following an upper respiratory infection is most commonly attributed to which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Sensorineural loss from direct viral injury to olfactory receptor neurons

Answer

Post-viral anosmia (as seen dramatically in COVID-19) results from direct viral damage to olfactory receptor neurons and supporting cells in the olfactory epithelium.

Question 3

Choanal atresia presenting in a neonate is considered a surgical emergency when it is:

Accepted Answer

Bilateral, because neonates are obligate nasal breathers

Answer

Bilateral choanal atresia is a neonatal emergency because neonates are obligate nasal breathers; complete posterior nasal blockage causes severe respiratory distress.

Question 4

Nasal saline irrigation benefits patients with CRS primarily through which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Mechanically clearing mucus, allergens, and inflammatory mediators from the nasal cavity

Answer

Saline irrigation physically washes away mucus, crusts, allergens, and inflammatory debris, improving mucociliary clearance and symptom control in CRS.

Question 5

The Lund-Mackay scoring system is used in rhinology for which purpose?

Accepted Answer

Quantifying degree of sinonasal opacification on CT scans

Answer

The Lund-Mackay CT score assigns 0–2 points to each sinus group and the ostiomeatal complex to objectively quantify the extent of sinonasal opacification.

ENT - Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialist Certification Practice Test

ENT - Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialist Certification Practice Test

ENT Rhinology and Sinonasal Disorders 3