EMR First Responder Principles 3

Question 1

An EMR is alone with a patient in cardiac arrest and no AED is immediately available. What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio?

Accepted Answer

30:2

Answer

For an adult in cardiac arrest, the standard CPR ratio is 30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths (30:2), regardless of the number of rescuers (unless an advanced airway is in place).

Question 2

When responding to a vehicle collision, which of the following is an example of a high-energy mechanism of injury?

Accepted Answer

A head-on collision at 45 mph with intrusion into the passenger compartment

Answer

A head-on collision at 45 mph with passenger compartment intrusion represents a high-energy mechanism with significant potential for severe multisystem trauma, triggering a 'trauma alert' response and rapid transport.

Question 3

What is the purpose of the Incident Command System (ICS) at a multiple-casualty incident (MCI)?

Accepted Answer

To establish a coordinated command structure that manages personnel, resources, and communications

Answer

The Incident Command System (ICS) provides a scalable organizational framework that coordinates all responders, manages resources, and ensures clear communication and chain of command at MCIs.

Question 4

Which triage category in the START triage system indicates a patient whose injuries are so severe that survival is unlikely even with immediate care?

Accepted Answer

Black (Expectant/Deceased)

Answer

In the START triage system, the Black tag (Expectant) is assigned to patients who are deceased or whose injuries are so severe that survival is unlikely given available resources, allowing EMRs to focus on salvageable patients.

Question 5

A pediatric patient is breathing at 40 breaths per minute with nasal flaring and subcostal retractions. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Increased work of breathing indicating respiratory distress requiring intervention

Answer

Nasal flaring and subcostal retractions are signs of increased work of breathing, indicating respiratory distress regardless of age. A rate of 40/min in a child under 1 year may be normal, but accessory muscle use and retractions signal distress requiring oxygen and monitoring.

EMR - Emergency Medical Responder Practice Test

EMR - Emergency Medical Responder Practice Test

EMR First Responder Principles 3