DPM Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2

Question 1

A patient with gout is started on allopurinol. Which mechanism best describes how this drug reduces uric acid levels?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits xanthine oxidase

Answer

Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that reduces conversion of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid.

Question 2

Which topical antifungal is classified as an allylamine and is first-line for tinea pedis (athlete's foot)?

Accepted Answer

Terbinafine

Answer

Terbinafine, an allylamine, inhibits squalene epoxidase and is highly effective for dermatophyte infections like tinea pedis.

Question 3

A diabetic patient requires local anesthesia for a minor foot procedure. Which local anesthetic has the LONGEST duration of action?

Accepted Answer

Bupivacaine

Answer

Bupivacaine has a duration of action of 4–8 hours, making it the longest-acting amide local anesthetic commonly used in podiatric procedures.

Question 4

Probenecid is used as adjunctive therapy in gout management. What is its primary mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Blocks renal tubular reabsorption of uric acid (uricosuric)

Answer

Probenecid is a uricosuric agent that inhibits URAT1 transporter in the proximal tubule, blocking reabsorption and increasing urinary uric acid excretion.

Question 5

A patient on warfarin for DVT develops a foot infection requiring antibiotics. Which antibiotic class is MOST likely to significantly increase warfarin's INR?

Accepted Answer

Fluoroquinolones

Answer

Fluoroquinolones inhibit CYP1A2 and reduce vitamin K-producing gut flora, significantly potentiating warfarin's anticoagulant effect.

(DPM) Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Practice Test

(DPM) Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Practice Test

DPM Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2