DPM DPM Sports Medicine & Athletic Foot Injuries 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which metatarsal is most frequently involved in a Jones fracture?
- Second metatarsal
- Third metatarsal
- Fifth metatarsal (Correct answer)
- Fourth metatarsal
Correct answer: Fifth metatarsal
A Jones fracture specifically refers to a fracture at the proximal metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction of the fifth metatarsal.
Question 2: What is Sever's disease?
- Osteochondritis of the navicular
- Apophysitis of the calcaneal growth plate (Correct answer)
- Stress fracture of the first metatarsal
- Avulsion fracture of the fifth metatarsal
Correct answer: Apophysitis of the calcaneal growth plate
Sever's disease (calcaneal apophysitis) is inflammation of the growth plate at the posterior calcaneus, common in active children aged 8–14.
Question 3: Which test is used to assess Achilles tendon continuity following suspected rupture?
- Tinel's test
- Thompson (Simmonds) test (Correct answer)
- Ottawa Ankle Rule
- Mulder's click test
Correct answer: Thompson (Simmonds) test
The Thompson (Simmonds) test squeezes the calf; absence of plantar flexion indicates a complete Achilles tendon rupture.
Question 4: What grade of lateral ankle sprain involves a complete tear of all three lateral ligaments?
- Grade I
- Grade II
- Grade III (Correct answer)
- Grade IV
Correct answer: Grade III
Grade III ankle sprains involve complete rupture of the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular ligaments with significant instability.
Question 5: Which condition is characterized by pain at the posterior insertion of the Achilles tendon with a palpable bump at the heel?
- Plantar fasciitis
- Haglund's deformity (Correct answer)
- Sever's disease
- Peroneal tendinopathy
Correct answer: Haglund's deformity
Haglund's deformity is a bony enlargement of the posterosuperior calcaneus that causes retrocalcaneal bursitis and Achilles tendon irritation.
Question 6: What is 'turf toe' in athletic injuries?
- Stress fracture of the hallux sesamoid
- Hyperextension sprain of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (Correct answer)
- Morton's neuroma at the first web space
- Subungual hematoma of the hallux
Correct answer: Hyperextension sprain of the first metatarsophalangeal joint
Turf toe is a sprain of the plantar capsuloligamentous complex of the first MTP joint caused by forced hyperextension, common on artificial turf.
DPM DPM Sports Medicine & Athletic Foot Injuries 1
Which metatarsal is most frequently involved in a Jones fracture?