CVP Pharmacology and Blood Management 2

Question 1

What is cell salvage (cell saver) during cardiac surgery?

Accepted Answer

A device that collects, washes, and concentrates shed red blood cells for reinfusion

Answer

Cell salvage collects blood lost during surgery, washes it to remove debris and contaminants, concentrates the red blood cells, and returns them to the patient.

Question 2

What is the risk of protamine administration?

Accepted Answer

Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis, hypotension, and pulmonary hypertension

Answer

Protamine can cause serious adverse reactions including anaphylaxis, hypotension, and pulmonary vasoconstriction, particularly in patients with certain risk factors.

Question 3

What is the significance of platelet dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass?

Accepted Answer

Bypass causes platelet activation and damage leading to impaired function and increased bleeding risk

Answer

Contact with the bypass circuit activates and damages platelets, leading to functional impairment even when platelet counts are adequate, contributing to post-bypass bleeding.

Question 4

What is the role of calcium chloride after bypass?

Accepted Answer

To improve cardiac contractility and correct hypocalcemia from citrated blood products

Answer

Calcium chloride is given after bypass to improve cardiac muscle contraction and correct low calcium levels that result from citrate in blood products binding calcium.

Question 5

What is heparin resistance and how is it managed?

Accepted Answer

A reduced response to heparin requiring higher doses or antithrombin III supplementation

Answer

Heparin resistance occurs when standard doses fail to achieve adequate ACT levels, often due to low antithrombin III levels, and is managed with additional heparin or AT III concentrate.

(CVP) Cardiovascular Perfusionist Practice Test

(CVP) Cardiovascular Perfusionist Practice Test

CVP Pharmacology and Blood Management 2