CVP CVP Cannulation Techniques and Circulatory Support

Question 1

What is the most common site for arterial cannulation in standard cardiopulmonary bypass?

Accepted Answer

Ascending aorta

Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Axillary artery

Answer

Carotid artery

Question 2

When is femoral artery cannulation preferred over ascending aortic cannulation?

Accepted Answer

In cases of aortic dissection, severe aortic calcification, or redo sternotomy

Answer

In all pediatric patients

Answer

For routine isolated CABG procedures

Answer

When the patient has peripheral vascular disease

Question 3

What is the primary risk of cannulating or clamping a severely calcified ('porcelain') aorta?

Accepted Answer

Systemic embolization of atherosclerotic debris causing stroke or organ ischemia

Answer

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer

Acute cardiac arrest

Answer

Pulmonary edema

Question 4

Which venous cannulation technique uses a single cannula positioned in the right atrium with drainage holes extending into the inferior vena cava?

Accepted Answer

Single two-stage venous cannula

Answer

Bicaval cannulation

Answer

Femoral venous cannula

Answer

Superior vena cava cannula

Question 5

For which type of cardiac procedure is bicaval cannulation with separate SVC and IVC cannulas specifically required?

Accepted Answer

Open right heart procedures such as tricuspid valve repair or ASD closure

Answer

Isolated coronary artery bypass grafting

Answer

Isolated aortic valve replacement

Answer

Descending thoracic aortic aneurysm repair

Question 6

What is the primary purpose of an aortic root vent placed during CPB?

Accepted Answer

To decompress the left heart and remove accumulated air before cross-clamp removal

Answer

To administer antegrade cardioplegia exclusively

Answer

To continuously monitor aortic root pressure

Answer

To drain the right atrium during bypass