CSR Medical Nutrition Therapy for Renal Conditions 2

Question 1

A patient with CKD stage 4 has a serum phosphorus of 6.2 mg/dL. Which dietary strategy should be prioritized FIRST before initiating phosphate binders?

Accepted Answer

Restrict dietary phosphorus to 800–1000 mg/day

Answer

Dietary phosphorus restriction to 800–1000 mg/day is the first-line intervention before adding phosphate binders.

Question 2

Which type of dietary phosphorus is absorbed most efficiently in the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Inorganic phosphorus from food additives

Answer

Inorganic phosphorus from food additives is nearly 100% absorbed, making it the most bioavailable form.

Question 3

A hemodialysis patient is consistently hyperkalemic. Which cooking method is most effective for reducing potassium content in vegetables?

Accepted Answer

Leaching by peeling, soaking in water, and boiling in fresh water

Answer

Leaching—peeling, soaking, and boiling in fresh water—removes the greatest amount of potassium from vegetables.

Question 4

An ESRD patient on peritoneal dialysis is gaining weight and has elevated blood glucose. What is the PRIMARY source of extra calories causing these issues?

Accepted Answer

Glucose absorption from peritoneal dialysate

Answer

PD patients absorb a significant amount of glucose from the dextrose-containing dialysate, contributing to weight gain and hyperglycemia.

Question 5

Which vitamin supplement is routinely recommended for dialysis patients due to losses during treatment?

Accepted Answer

Water-soluble B vitamins and vitamin C at renal doses

Answer

Water-soluble B vitamins and vitamin C (limited to ≤100 mg/day in renal patients) are lost during dialysis and require supplementation.

(CSR) Board Certified Specialist in Renal Nutrition Practice Test

(CSR) Board Certified Specialist in Renal Nutrition Practice Test

CSR Medical Nutrition Therapy for Renal Conditions 2