CSCS CSCS: Structure & Function of Body System 2

Question 1

Which type of muscle fiber has the highest oxidative capacity and fatigue resistance?

Accepted Answer

Type I

Answer

Type I (slow-twitch) fibers have the highest mitochondrial density and oxidative enzyme activity, making them highly fatigue resistant.

Question 2

The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in which chamber of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

The SA node, the heart's primary pacemaker, is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava.

Question 3

Which connective tissue structure connects bone to bone?

Accepted Answer

Ligament

Answer

Ligaments are dense fibrous connective tissue bands that connect bone to bone and stabilize joints.

Question 4

During intense exercise, lactic acid dissociates into lactate and which ion that contributes to muscle fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen (H+)

Answer

Lactic acid dissociates into lactate and hydrogen ions (H+); the accumulation of H+ lowers intramuscular pH and impairs contractile function.

Question 5

The primary function of the nephron in the kidney is to:

Accepted Answer

Filter blood and form urine

Answer

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood, reabsorbing needed substances, and producing urine.

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