CRST Study Guide 2026

Alpha particles are relatively large and heavy (two protons and two neutrons) and carry a positive charge. This causes them to interact readily with matter, losing their energy quickly and giving them very low penetrating power. They can be stopped by a simple barrier like paper or the outer layer of human skin.

Due diligence is the primary legal defence for an employer charged under OHS legislation. It requires demonstrating that all reasonable precautions were taken to prevent an incident, which is a proactive and documented effort to manage workplace hazards.

Chemical hazards encompass any substance that can cause harm through contact, inhalation, or ingestion, including spills, toxic materials, and corrosive agents.

Residual risk is the level of risk that persists even after all reasonably practicable control measures have been applied to a workplace hazard.

Safety training should not be a one-time event but an ongoing process. It must be conducted when new hazards or equipment are introduced to ensure employees are aware of new risks and safe operating procedures. Additionally, periodic refresher training is required to reinforce knowledge, address any changes in regulations, and maintain a high level of safety awareness among all personnel.

The removal of the guard is an unsafe act. Unsafe acts and unsafe conditions are considered indirect causes or contributing factors. They are symptoms of a deeper problem but not the problem itself. The root cause would be *why* the worker removed the guard (e.g., inadequate procedure for clearing jams, lack of training), and the direct cause would be the subsequent contact with moving parts.