Counseling Research and Program Evaluation 2

Question 1

A counselor randomly assigns 60 clients to either a CBT group or a waitlist control group and compares anxiety scores afterward. What type of design is this?

Accepted Answer

True experimental design

Answer

Random assignment to treatment and control conditions defines a true experimental design.

Question 2

What primarily distinguishes a quasi-experimental design from a true experiment?

Accepted Answer

Absence of random assignment to groups

Answer

Quasi-experiments compare groups, but participants are not randomly assigned, often because intact groups are used.

Question 3

Students selected for a study because of extremely low self-esteem scores show higher scores on retest even without intervention. Which threat to internal validity is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Statistical regression

Answer

Extreme scores tend to move toward the mean on retest, a phenomenon called statistical regression.

Question 4

A school counselor measures students' test anxiety before and after a workshop, with no comparison group. Which design is being used?

Accepted Answer

One-group pretest-posttest design

Answer

A single group measured before and after treatment without a comparison group is a one-group pretest-posttest (pre-experimental) design.

Question 5

Participants in a workplace wellness study improve simply because they know they are being observed. This is called the:

Accepted Answer

Hawthorne effect

Answer

The Hawthorne effect occurs when awareness of being studied changes participants' behavior.

Counseling Practice Test

Counseling Practice Test

Counseling Research and Program Evaluation 2