Counseling Human Development and Lifespan

Question 1

Erikson's stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' occurs during which developmental period?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence

Answer

Early childhood

Answer

Middle childhood

Answer

Early adulthood

Question 2

Piaget's Formal Operational stage begins at approximately what age?

Accepted Answer

11–12 years

Answer

2 years

Answer

7 years

Answer

18 years

Question 3

Kohlberg's highest level of moral development is called:

Accepted Answer

Postconventional

Answer

Preconventional

Answer

Conventional

Answer

Transcendental

Question 4

Attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby, emphasizes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The importance of early caregiver bonds for emotional development

Answer

The role of peers in socialization

Answer

Genetic determinism in personality

Answer

The Oedipal conflict resolution

Question 5

Which of the following best describes 'scaffolding' in Vygotsky's theory?

Accepted Answer

Support provided within a child's Zone of Proximal Development

Answer

Punishment used to shape behavior

Answer

Peer conflict resolution

Answer

Cognitive schema formation

Question 6

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, the 'microsystem' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The immediate settings in which a person lives

Answer

Cultural values and beliefs

Answer

Links between family and school

Answer

Temporal changes over a lifetime