CMA Anatomy and Physiology 5

Question 1

What is the term for the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Answer

Abduction is the movement of a limb or part away from the body's midline, such as raising the arm laterally.

Question 2

The liver produces which substance critical for fat digestion that is stored in the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Bile

Answer

Bile is produced by hepatocytes in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the duodenum to emulsify dietary fats.

Question 3

Which blood cells are primarily responsible for immune defense against bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Answer

Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells and serve as first responders, phagocytizing bacteria at infection sites.

Question 4

The process by which cells engulf and destroy large particles such as bacteria is called:

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Phagocytosis is the cellular process where phagocytes (e.g., neutrophils, macrophages) engulf and digest pathogens or debris.

Question 5

Which organ is responsible for detoxifying ammonia by converting it to urea?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

The liver converts toxic ammonia (a byproduct of protein metabolism) into urea via the urea cycle, which is then excreted by the kidneys.

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