CLAD (NI) 3

Question 1

Merrill Swain's Output Hypothesis argues that language production is important because it:

Accepted Answer

Forces learners to notice gaps in their language knowledge and test hypotheses

Answer

Swain proposed that producing language (output) pushes learners to notice their own gaps and refine their linguistic knowledge beyond what input alone provides.

Question 2

In negotiated interaction, a 'comprehension check' is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A speaker's attempt to verify that the listener has understood the message

Answer

Comprehension checks are conversational moves (e.g., 'Do you understand?' or 'Does that make sense?') used to confirm mutual understanding.

Question 3

Which of the following is a 'clarification request' in negotiated interaction?

Accepted Answer

'What do you mean by that?'

Answer

A clarification request signals that the previous message was unclear and invites the speaker to rephrase or expand, facilitating negotiation of meaning.

Question 4

A second language learner who avoids using certain complex structures because they are unsure of correctness is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

Communication avoidance as a production strategy

Answer

Communication avoidance occurs when learners bypass difficult linguistic forms to prevent errors, which limits their practice with target structures.

Question 5

According to Long's Interaction Hypothesis, negotiation of meaning is especially valuable because it:

Accepted Answer

Provides learners with modified, comprehensible input linked to moments of communicative need

Answer

Long argued that interaction creates opportunities for input modification precisely when learners need it, making acquisition more likely.

CLAD Practice Test

CLAD Practice Test

CLAD (NI) 3