CLAD Structure and Linguistics 3 β Questions and Answers
Question 1: The process by which two languages in contact influence each other's vocabulary, grammar, or phonology is called:
- Language acquisition
- Language transfer
- Language contact (Correct answer)
- Language attrition
Correct answer: Language contact
Language contact occurs when speakers of different languages interact, leading to mutual linguistic influence.
Question 2: Which of the following is an example of a bound morpheme?
- Book
- Run
- -ing (Correct answer)
- Happy
Correct answer: -ing
A bound morpheme cannot stand alone as a word; '-ing' must attach to a base form like 'run' to form 'running.'
Question 3: A teacher notices that a Spanish-speaking student consistently places adjectives after nouns in English. This is an example of:
- Overgeneralization
- Positive transfer
- Negative transfer (interference) (Correct answer)
- Semantic mapping
Correct answer: Negative transfer (interference)
Negative transfer (interference) occurs when L1 patterns are incorrectly applied to L2, as Spanish post-nominal adjectives conflict with English pre-nominal order.
Question 4: Which term describes the study of how context influences the interpretation of language meaning?
- Syntax
- Morphology
- Pragmatics (Correct answer)
- Phonology
Correct answer: Pragmatics
Pragmatics examines how context, speaker intent, and social factors shape the meaning of utterances beyond their literal content.
Question 5: Krashen's Monitor Hypothesis states that:
- Acquired language knowledge edits output produced by learned rules (Correct answer)
- Comprehensible input drives acquisition without conscious study
- Affective factors determine language acquisition speed
- Learned rules replace acquired knowledge over time
Correct answer: Acquired language knowledge edits output produced by learned rules
The Monitor Hypothesis proposes that consciously learned grammar rules act as an editor, monitoring and correcting output generated by the acquired system.
Question 6: Which of the following word pairs demonstrates a minimal pair in English?
- Ship / sheep (Correct answer)
- House / home
- Big / large
- Run / ran
Correct answer: Ship / sheep
Ship (/Ιͺ/) and sheep (/iΛ/) differ by exactly one phoneme, making them a minimal pair used to identify distinct phonemes.
Question 7: The concept of 'register' in linguistics refers to:
- The pitch level of a speaker's voice
- Variations in language use based on social context or purpose (Correct answer)
- The speed at which someone speaks
- The dialect spoken in a geographic region
Correct answer: Variations in language use based on social context or purpose
Register refers to the variety of language used in particular social situations, such as formal academic writing versus casual conversation.
CLAD Structure and Linguistics 3
The process by which two languages in contact influence each other's vocabulary, grammar, or phonology is called: