CLAD MCQ 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which theory emphasizes that language acquisition occurs through meaningful social interaction within a learner's Zone of Proximal Development?
- Chomsky's Universal Grammar
- Skinner's Behaviorism
- Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory (Correct answer)
- Krashen's Monitor Model
Correct answer: Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory
Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory stresses the role of social interaction and the ZPD in cognitive and language development.
Question 2: A teacher is designing a unit for intermediate EL students. Which strategy best supports academic reading comprehension?
- Assigning grade-level texts without modification
- Pre-teaching key vocabulary before reading (Correct answer)
- Having students translate texts into their home language only
- Skipping complex texts to avoid frustration
Correct answer: Pre-teaching key vocabulary before reading
Pre-teaching key vocabulary activates schema and reduces cognitive load, enabling better comprehension of academic texts.
Question 3: The concept of 'affective filter' in Krashen's model refers to:
- The brain's capacity to store new vocabulary
- Emotional and motivational variables that affect language acquisition (Correct answer)
- The speed at which learners process grammar rules
- Cultural background knowledge used in comprehension
Correct answer: Emotional and motivational variables that affect language acquisition
A high affective filter (caused by anxiety, low motivation, or poor self-esteem) can block language acquisition even when input is comprehensible.
Question 4: Which federal law requires schools to identify and provide services to English language learners?
- IDEA 2004
- Title III of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) (Correct answer)
- Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
- Title I of NCLB
Correct answer: Title III of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
Title III of ESSA funds and mandates programs for English language learners and immigrant students.
Question 5: A student who speaks Cantonese at home writes 'He go to school yesterday' in English. This error most likely reflects:
- A learning disability
- Language interference (negative transfer) from L1 (Correct answer)
- Lack of effort or motivation
- A hearing impairment
Correct answer: Language interference (negative transfer) from L1
This error reflects negative transfer where Cantonese grammar (which lacks verb tense marking) influences English writing.
Question 6: Which approach to bilingual education maintains and develops the student's home language while adding English?
- Submersion programs
- Pull-out ESL programs
- Dual language/two-way immersion programs (Correct answer)
- Transitional bilingual programs
Correct answer: Dual language/two-way immersion programs
Dual language programs develop full bilingualism and biliteracy in both the home language and English.
Question 7: In culturally responsive teaching, 'funds of knowledge' refers to:
- Financial resources available to immigrant families
- The cultural knowledge and skills students bring from their home communities (Correct answer)
- Government funding for EL programs
- Academic knowledge assessed on standardized tests
Correct answer: The cultural knowledge and skills students bring from their home communities
Funds of knowledge are the historically accumulated cultural bodies of knowledge that households have developed to survive and thrive.
CLAD MCQ 3
Which theory emphasizes that language acquisition occurs through meaningful social interaction within a learner's Zone of Proximal Development?