CDN Fluid and Electrolyte Balance in Dialysis 3

Question 1

How is Kt/V used in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Quantifies the adequacy of urea removal during dialysis

Answer

Kt/V is the primary measure of hemodialysis adequacy, representing the fraction of patient's total body water cleared of urea per treatment.

Question 2

Secondary hyperparathyroidism in ESRD patients is primarily driven by which combination of factors?

Accepted Answer

Hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and low active vitamin D

Answer

The kidneys' inability to activate vitamin D and excrete phosphorus leads to hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia, driving excess PTH secretion.

Question 3

A patient's post-dialysis BUN is 30 mg/dL and pre-dialysis BUN was 90 mg/dL. What is the URR?

Accepted Answer

67%

Answer

URR = (pre-BUN − post-BUN) / pre-BUN × 100 = (90 − 30) / 90 × 100 = 67%, which meets the minimum recommended 65% target.

Question 4

Which type of dialysate concentrate contains the electrolytes and glucose for hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Acid concentrate (Part A)

Answer

The acid concentrate (Part A) contains sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, glucose, and acetic or citric acid to prevent calcium precipitation.

Question 5

A dialysis patient with chronic fluid overload develops worsening left ventricular hypertrophy. What is the primary modifiable contributing factor?

Accepted Answer

Persistent fluid overload and hypertension

Answer

Chronic fluid overload causes sustained hypertension and increased cardiac preload, driving left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure in dialysis patients.

CDN - Certified Dialysis Nurse Practice Test

CDN - Certified Dialysis Nurse Practice Test

CDN Fluid and Electrolyte Balance in Dialysis 3