CDN Fluid and Electrolyte Balance in Dialysis 3

Question 1

How is Kt/V used in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Quantifies the adequacy of urea removal during dialysis

Answer

Measures calcium-phosphorus product

Answer

Calculates the ultrafiltration goal

Answer

Determines optimal dialysate sodium concentration

Question 2

Secondary hyperparathyroidism in ESRD patients is primarily driven by which combination of factors?

Accepted Answer

Hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and low active vitamin D

Answer

Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Hypernatremia and fluid overload

Answer

Aluminum toxicity and anemia

Question 3

A patient's post-dialysis BUN is 30 mg/dL and pre-dialysis BUN was 90 mg/dL. What is the URR?

Accepted Answer

67%

Answer

33%

Answer

50%

Answer

75%

Question 4

Which type of dialysate concentrate contains the electrolytes and glucose for hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Acid concentrate (Part A)

Answer

Bicarbonate concentrate (Part B)

Answer

Both A and B mixed equally

Answer

Reverse osmosis water alone

Question 5

A dialysis patient with chronic fluid overload develops worsening left ventricular hypertrophy. What is the primary modifiable contributing factor?

Accepted Answer

Persistent fluid overload and hypertension

Answer

Anemia

Answer

Elevated PTH

Answer

Hyperphosphatemia

Question 6

A patient on CAPD exchanges 2 L of 2.5% dextrose dialysate four times daily. What does the higher dextrose concentration indicate compared to 1.5%?

Accepted Answer

Greater osmotic gradient for enhanced ultrafiltration

Answer

Slower glucose absorption

Answer

Less effective solute removal

Answer

Lower risk of peritonitis