CCMA Nutrition and Dietary Guidance

Question 1

Which macronutrient is the body's preferred primary source of energy?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Carbohydrates are converted to glucose, which is the body's most readily available energy source. The brain and red blood cells rely almost exclusively on glucose, making carbohydrates the preferred fuel for most metabolic processes.

Question 2

A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is placed on a therapeutic diet. Which nutrients should MOST be restricted?

Accepted Answer

Potassium and phosphorus

Answer

In CKD, the kidneys cannot efficiently excrete potassium and phosphorus. Elevated potassium (hyperkalemia) can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias, and excess phosphorus leads to bone disease. Dietary restriction of both is essential.

Question 3

Which vitamin deficiency is most directly associated with impaired blood clotting and increased bleeding risk?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin K is required for the hepatic synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. A deficiency impairs the coagulation cascade, leading to prolonged clotting times and increased bleeding. Warfarin works by antagonizing vitamin K.

Question 4

Which food choice has the LOWEST glycemic index and would be most appropriate for a patient managing type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Lentils

Answer

Lentils have a glycemic index of approximately 30, due to their high fiber and protein content that slows glucose absorption. White bread (~75), instant oatmeal (~83), and watermelon (~72) all have higher glycemic indexes that cause faster blood sugar spikes.

Question 5

Which dietary recommendation is MOST appropriate for a patient at risk for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Increase vitamin D and calcium intake

Answer

Calcium is the primary mineral in bone tissue, and vitamin D is essential for its intestinal absorption. Together, adequate calcium (1,000–1,200 mg/day) and vitamin D (600–800 IU/day) are the cornerstone nutritional recommendations for osteoporosis prevention.

CCMA - Certified Clinical Medical Assistant Practice Test

CCMA - Certified Clinical Medical Assistant Practice Test

CCMA Nutrition and Dietary Guidance