CABT Anatomy and Physiology Fundamentals 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which anatomical term describes the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
- Adduction
- Abduction (Correct answer)
- Circumduction
- Inversion
Correct answer: Abduction
Abduction is the movement of a body part away from the midline, while adduction moves it toward the midline.
Question 2: Which blood vessel directly supplies oxygenated blood to the myocardium?
- Pulmonary artery
- Coronary arteries (Correct answer)
- Aortic arch branches
- Superior vena cava
Correct answer: Coronary arteries
The left and right coronary arteries arise from the aortic root and supply oxygenated blood directly to the myocardium.
Question 3: A biomedical technician is calibrating an intraocular pressure monitor. Which fluid is measured indirectly by this device?
- Vitreous humor
- Aqueous humor (Correct answer)
- Cerebrospinal fluid
- Perilymph
Correct answer: Aqueous humor
Intraocular pressure is largely determined by the production and drainage of aqueous humor in the anterior segment of the eye.
Question 4: In anatomical position, which directional term refers to a structure closer to the point of attachment of a limb?
- Distal
- Lateral
- Proximal (Correct answer)
- Inferior
Correct answer: Proximal
Proximal describes a position closer to the point of origin or attachment of a limb, while distal refers to farther away.
Question 5: Which cellular organelle is the primary site of ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation?
- Golgi apparatus
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Lysosome
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria contain the electron transport chain and ATP synthase complexes responsible for producing the majority of cellular ATP.
Question 6: Which connective tissue structure connects muscle to bone?
- Ligament
- Cartilage
- Tendon (Correct answer)
- Fascia
Correct answer: Tendon
Tendons are dense regular connective tissue structures that attach skeletal muscles to bones, transmitting contractile force.
Question 7: When a biomedical engineer reviews a ventilator parameter labeled 'FRC,' what physiological measurement does this represent?
- The maximum volume of air exhaled after maximum inhalation
- The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal passive exhalation (Correct answer)
- The volume of air inspired in one normal breath
- The maximum volume of air that can be inspired after a normal inhalation
Correct answer: The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal passive exhalation
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is the volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a normal passive expiration, combining expiratory reserve volume and residual volume.
CABT Anatomy and Physiology Fundamentals 3
Which anatomical term describes the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?