BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies Psychology and Behavioral Sciences 1

Question 1

What is 'classical conditioning' as described by Ivan Pavlov?

Accepted Answer

A process where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus to produce a response

Answer

Classical conditioning pairs a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus alone triggers the learned response.

Question 2

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be satisfied first?

Accepted Answer

Physiological Needs

Answer

Maslow's hierarchy places physiological needs (food, water, shelter) at the base as the most fundamental requirements.

Question 3

What is the 'placebo effect'?

Accepted Answer

An improvement in condition due to belief in treatment rather than the treatment itself

Answer

The placebo effect occurs when a person experiences real improvements in symptoms simply because they believe they are receiving treatment.

Question 4

What does 'cognitive dissonance' refer to in psychology?

Accepted Answer

The mental discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or behaviors

Answer

Cognitive dissonance is the psychological tension a person feels when their beliefs or actions contradict each other.

Question 5

Which part of the brain is most associated with emotional processing, particularly fear?

Accepted Answer

Amygdala

Answer

The amygdala is a small almond-shaped structure in the brain's temporal lobe that plays a central role in processing emotions like fear.

BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies Practice Test