AMSN Hematological and Oncological Nursing 2

Question 1

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which instruction should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

Take the medication with orange juice on an empty stomach

Answer

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in orange juice enhances iron absorption, and taking ferrous sulfate on an empty stomach maximizes uptake despite potential GI discomfort.

Question 2

Which assessment finding is an EARLY sign of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperuricemia

Answer

TLS occurs when tumor cells rapidly lyse and release intracellular contents, causing hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, and hypocalcemia.

Question 3

A patient receiving heparin therapy has a platelet count that dropped from 240,000 to 62,000/mm³ over 5 days. What condition does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Answer

A significant platelet drop (>50%) occurring 5–10 days after heparin initiation is the hallmark of HIT, an immune-mediated complication requiring immediate cessation of all heparin products.

Question 4

The nurse is educating a patient newly diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Which statement reflects accurate understanding of the condition?

Accepted Answer

'I need to drink more fluids and may need phlebotomy to reduce my blood thickness.'

Answer

Polycythemia vera involves overproduction of RBCs, increasing blood viscosity and clot risk; phlebotomy and hydration are key management strategies.

Question 5

A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is starting rituximab infusion. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for MOST closely during the infusion?

Accepted Answer

Infusion-related reaction including fever, chills, and hypotension

Answer

Rituximab commonly causes infusion-related reactions (fever, chills, rigors, hypotension) especially during the first infusion, requiring close monitoring and slowing or stopping the infusion if reactions occur.

AMSN - Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses Practice Test

AMSN - Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses Practice Test

AMSN Hematological and Oncological Nursing 2