AMSN Hematological and Oncological Nursing 2

Question 1

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which instruction should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

Take the medication with orange juice on an empty stomach

Answer

Take the medication with milk to reduce GI upset

Answer

Take the medication with antacids to improve absorption

Answer

Take the medication at bedtime to avoid daytime nausea

Question 2

Which assessment finding is an EARLY sign of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperuricemia

Answer

Hypercalcemia and hypokalemia

Answer

Hypoglycemia and metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Hyponatremia and hypochloremia

Question 3

A patient receiving heparin therapy has a platelet count that dropped from 240,000 to 62,000/mm³ over 5 days. What condition does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Answer

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Answer

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Answer

Aplastic anemia

Question 4

The nurse is educating a patient newly diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Which statement reflects accurate understanding of the condition?

Accepted Answer

'I need to drink more fluids and may need phlebotomy to reduce my blood thickness.'

Answer

'My bone marrow is producing too few red blood cells.'

Answer

'I should avoid all physical activity to prevent bleeding.'

Answer

'This condition means I am at lower risk for blood clots.'

Question 5

A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is starting rituximab infusion. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for MOST closely during the infusion?

Accepted Answer

Infusion-related reaction including fever, chills, and hypotension

Answer

Hypoglycemia and diaphoresis

Answer

Severe constipation and ileus

Answer

Pulmonary edema and decreased urine output

Question 6

When caring for a patient with pernicious anemia, which finding confirms this diagnosis over other types of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Decreased intrinsic factor and low serum vitamin B12

Answer

Low serum iron and elevated TIBC

Answer

Elevated reticulocyte count and jaundice

Answer

Microcytic hypochromic red blood cells on smear

Question 7

A patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) asks why they need a bone marrow biopsy. What is the BEST nursing response?

Accepted Answer

'It helps confirm the diagnosis and identify the specific leukemia cell type to guide treatment.'

Answer

'It is a routine screening test used in all cancer patients.'

Answer

'It will determine how well your kidneys are functioning.'

Answer

'It replaces the need for a CT scan in your case.'