AMC MCQ Respiratory Medicine 3

Question 1

A young tall man presents with sudden pleuritic chest pain and breathlessness; chest X-ray shows a 1 cm rim of air with no mediastinal shift. What is the appropriate management?

Accepted Answer

Observation with high-flow oxygen and reassessment

Answer

A small primary spontaneous pneumothorax without significant breathlessness can be managed conservatively with observation and oxygen.

Question 2

Which clinical sign indicates a tension pneumothorax requiring immediate decompression?

Accepted Answer

Tracheal deviation away from the affected side with hypotension

Answer

Tension pneumothorax causes mediastinal shift with tracheal deviation, hypotension and distended neck veins, requiring emergency decompression.

Question 3

Spirometry shows FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.62 with reduced FEV1. This pattern is characteristic of which condition?

Accepted Answer

Obstructive airways disease such as COPD

Answer

A reduced FEV1/FVC ratio below 0.7 indicates an obstructive ventilatory defect such as COPD or asthma.

Question 4

Which spirometry pattern is typical of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

Restrictive pattern with reduced FVC and preserved or increased FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer

Pulmonary fibrosis produces a restrictive defect with reduced lung volumes and a preserved or raised FEV1/FVC ratio.

Question 5

A patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is most likely to have which examination finding?

Accepted Answer

Fine bibasal end-inspiratory crackles and clubbing

Answer

Fine bibasal end-inspiratory crackles with finger clubbing are characteristic of pulmonary fibrosis.

AMC MCQ Practice Test

AMC MCQ Practice Test

AMC MCQ Respiratory Medicine 3