AMC MCQ Ophthalmology and ENT 1

Question 1

A 65-year-old presents with gradual painless vision loss. Fundoscopy shows a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.8 and intraocular pressure is 28 mmHg bilaterally. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Primary open-angle glaucoma

Answer

Primary open-angle glaucoma presents with elevated IOP, increased cup-to-disc ratio, and gradual painless peripheral vision loss due to progressive optic nerve damage.

Question 2

A 50-year-old presents with sudden severe eye pain, nausea, vomiting, and halos around lights. The eye is red with a mid-dilated fixed pupil and corneal haze. What is the immediate first-line management?

Accepted Answer

Oral acetazolamide and topical beta-blockers

Answer

Acute angle-closure glaucoma is an emergency requiring immediate IOP reduction with systemic acetazolamide and topical agents such as beta-blockers and pilocarpine to prevent permanent vision loss.

Question 3

A 72-year-old complains of central vision distortion and sees straight lines as wavy (metamorphopsia). Fundoscopy reveals drusen deposits and pigmentary changes in the macula. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Age-related macular degeneration

Answer

Age-related macular degeneration presents with central vision distortion, metamorphopsia, and drusen deposits on fundoscopy, predominantly affecting patients over 60 years.

Question 4

A 38-year-old with recurrent sinusitis presents with nasal polyps, bronchial asthma, and develops bronchospasm after taking aspirin for a headache. What is this triad called?

Accepted Answer

Samter's triad (aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease)

Answer

Samter's triad (aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease) consists of asthma, nasal polyps, and aspirin/NSAID sensitivity caused by aberrant arachidonic acid metabolism.

Question 5

A 2-year-old presents with fever, ear pain, and a bulging erythematous tympanic membrane. There is no perforation. What is the most appropriate first-line management?

Accepted Answer

Amoxicillin for 10 days

Answer

Children under 2 years with acute otitis media should receive antibiotics (amoxicillin) because they have a higher risk of complications and less ability to mount an adequate immune response.

AMC MCQ Practice Test

AMC MCQ Practice Test

AMC MCQ Ophthalmology and ENT 1