AFAA Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

What does the term 'agonist' refer to in muscle action?

Accepted Answer

The muscle primarily responsible for a movement

Answer

The agonist (prime mover) is the muscle most responsible for producing a specific movement.

Question 2

Which type of contraction occurs when a muscle produces force while lengthening?

Accepted Answer

Eccentric

Answer

Eccentric contraction involves the muscle generating tension while lengthening, such as lowering a weight slowly.

Question 3

The cardiovascular response known as 'cardiac output' is calculated as:

Accepted Answer

Heart rate × stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output (Q) equals heart rate multiplied by stroke volume, representing total blood pumped per minute.

Question 4

Which bone forms the heel of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Calcaneus

Answer

The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and forms the prominence of the heel.

Question 5

Which neuromuscular receptor detects changes in muscle length and triggers the stretch reflex?

Accepted Answer

Muscle spindle

Answer

Muscle spindles sense changes in muscle length and rate of stretch, initiating a reflexive contraction.

AFAA - Aerobics and Fitness Association of America Practice Test