Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Gerontological Care & Age-Related Changes 2

Question 1

The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is distinguished from standard medical assessment by:

Accepted Answer

Evaluating functional status, cognition, mood, social support, and medical issues in an interdisciplinary format

Answer

CGA evaluates the whole older patient across physical, functional, cognitive, social, and environmental domains using an interdisciplinary team to develop individualized care plans.

Question 2

Malnutrition in hospitalized older adults is associated with:

Accepted Answer

Increased infection risk, prolonged hospital stay, muscle wasting, and higher mortality

Answer

Malnutrition impairs immune defense, wound repair, and muscle mass maintenance, leading to higher rates of infection, pressure injuries, deconditioning, and death in hospitalized older patients.

Question 3

Presbycusis (age-related hearing loss) most commonly affects:

Accepted Answer

High-frequency sounds first due to progressive sensory hair cell loss at the cochlear base

Answer

Sensory presbycusis begins with high-frequency loss because the basal cochlea processes high frequencies and experiences the greatest cumulative noise and vascular damage over time.

Question 4

The concept of frailty in older adults refers to:

Accepted Answer

A biologically distinct syndrome of decreased physiological reserve and resistance to stressors increasing vulnerability to adverse outcomes

Answer

Frailty is a clinical syndrome characterized by reduced physiological reserve across multiple systems, identified by criteria such as Fried's phenotype (weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slowness, low activity).

Question 5

Age-related changes in renal function relevant to drug dosing include:

Accepted Answer

Decreased GFR, reduced tubular secretion, and decline in creatinine clearance even with normal serum creatinine

Answer

GFR declines approximately 1 mL/min/1.73m² per year after age 40; critically, serum creatinine may remain normal despite significant GFR loss due to reduced muscle mass reducing creatinine generation.

Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Practice Test

Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Practice Test

Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Gerontological Care & Age-Related Changes 2