Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Chronic Disease Management 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to JNC 8 guidelines, what is the blood pressure target for adults aged 60 and above without diabetes or CKD?
- Less than 120/80 mmHg
- Less than 150/90 mmHg (Correct answer)
- Less than 140/80 mmHg
- Less than 160/100 mmHg
Correct answer: Less than 150/90 mmHg
JNC 8 recommends a blood pressure target of less than 150/90 mmHg for adults 60 years and older without diabetes or chronic kidney disease.
Question 2: Which HbA1c target does the ADA recommend for frail older adults with complex health conditions and type 2 diabetes?
- Less than 6.5%
- Less than 7.0%
- Less than 8.0% (Correct answer)
- Less than 9.0%
Correct answer: Less than 8.0%
The ADA recommends a less stringent HbA1c target of less than 8.0% for older adults with complex health conditions or limited life expectancy.
Question 3: A patient has a COPD GOLD Stage III classification. What does this indicate about their lung function?
- Mild airflow limitation with FEV1 80% or greater
- Moderate airflow limitation with FEV1 50 to 79%
- Severe airflow limitation with FEV1 30 to 49% (Correct answer)
- Very severe airflow limitation with FEV1 less than 30%
Correct answer: Severe airflow limitation with FEV1 30 to 49%
GOLD Stage III represents severe airflow limitation with FEV1 30 to 49% of predicted, indicating significantly compromised lung function.
Question 4: Which lifestyle modification has the greatest evidence-based impact on reducing blood pressure in older adults with hypertension?
- Caffeine reduction
- DASH diet adherence (Correct answer)
- Vitamin D supplementation
- Stress reduction alone
Correct answer: DASH diet adherence
The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) consistently reduces systolic blood pressure and overall cardiovascular risk.
Question 5: What is the recommended screening interval for colorectal cancer using colonoscopy in average-risk adults aged 50 to 75?
- Every year
- Every 10 years (Correct answer)
- Every 5 years
- Every 3 years
Correct answer: Every 10 years
Colonoscopy every 10 years is the gold-standard screening strategy for average-risk adults aged 50 to 75 in the US.
Question 6: A CNS manages a patient with systolic heart failure with an EF of 35%. Which medication class improves mortality outcomes?
- Digoxin
- Beta-blockers (Correct answer)
- Loop diuretics
- Nitrates
Correct answer: Beta-blockers
Beta-blockers such as carvedilol, metoprolol succinate, and bisoprolol are proven to reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Chronic Disease Management 1
According to JNC 8 guidelines, what is the blood pressure target for adults aged 60 and above without diabetes or CKD?