Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Evidence-Based Practice and Research

Question 1

What represents the highest level of evidence in the evidence hierarchy for clinical practice decisions?

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs

Answer

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of multiple RCTs represent the highest evidence level as they pool data from the best-designed studies.

Question 2

Which statistical measure best conveys the clinical significance of a treatment effect in practice?

Accepted Answer

Number needed to treat (NNT)

Answer

NNT conveys how many patients must be treated to prevent one additional adverse outcome, making it clinically meaningful and actionable.

Question 3

A CNS wants to implement a practice change based on new evidence. Which model is most commonly used for EBP implementation in hospital settings?

Accepted Answer

Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice

Answer

The Iowa Model provides a step-by-step framework specifically designed for implementing evidence-based practice changes in clinical settings.

Question 4

Which research design is best for determining causality between an intervention and a patient outcome?

Accepted Answer

Randomized controlled trial

Answer

RCTs with random assignment minimize confounding bias and allow for causal inference between interventions and outcomes.

Question 5

A CNS critically appraises a study reporting p = 0.03. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

There is a 3% probability the result occurred by chance

Answer

A p-value of 0.03 means there is a 3% probability that the observed result occurred by chance if the null hypothesis were true.

Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Practice Test